SBC3003 User Guide

Welcome

Welcome to the user guide for the SBC3003. In this guide we will introduce you to your new Phidget and show you what it is capable of. To get started, make sure you have the following things available:

• Your new SBC3003
• An Ethernet cable and a 6-15VDC power supply (both included with SBC3003)
• A Phidget or Phidget sensor
• A computer

Ready? Then let's get started!

Getting Started

Follow the steps below:

1. Plug in any Phidgets or Phidget sensors you have to the SBC.
2. Connect your SBC to your network using the Ethernet cable.
3. Connect your SBC to power. A red LED should immediately light up underneath the power barrel, indicating your SBC is receiving power. There is also a green LED that will briefly turn on when power is supplied, and then remain on after the SBC has fully booted.

The next step will be to access the SBC Web Interface. This process will vary slightly depending on what type of computer you use:

• Jump to getting started with macOS
• Jump to getting started with Linux

Using a Windows machine? Keep reading.

Windows

First things first: make sure you have the latest Phidget drivers installed on your machine. Download and run the installer:

• 32 Bit Installer Download
• 64 Bit Installer Download

Now that you have the drivers installed, find the icon in the taskbar. If it is not there, open up the start menu and search for Phidget Control Panel

Double click on the icon to open the Phidget Control Panel and navigate to the PhidgetSBCs tab:

As shown in the image above, the Phidget Control Panel will relay the following information to you:

• The default link local address (mDNS address) which is phidgetsbc.local
• The IP address. There is no default IP address, it must be assigned to the SBC.
• The MAC address. This is useful for distinguishing between multiple SBCs.

Next, double-click on your SBC in the Phidget Control Panel. This will automatically open the SBC Web Interface, which, conveniently enough, is our next topic! Jump ahead to the SBC Web Interface.

macOS

First things first: make sure you have the latest Phidget drivers installed on your machine. Download and run the installer:

• macOS Installer Download

Now that you have the drivers installed, find the Phidget Control Panel. There should be an icon in your Applications folder that looks like this:

Open the Phidget Control Panel application and navigate to the PhidgetSBCs tab:

As shown in the image above, the Phidget Control Panel will relay the following information to you:

• The default link local address (mDNS hostname) which is phidgetsbc.local
• The IP address. There is no default IP address, it must be assigned to the SBC.
• The MAC address. This is useful for distinguishing between multiple SBCs.

Next, double-click on your SBC in the Phidget Control Panel. This will automatically open the SBC Web Interface, which, conveniently enough, is our next topic! Jump ahead to the SBC Web Interface.

Linux

WAITING FOR PHIDGET22ADMIN TOOL

SBC Web Interface

The SBC Web Interface is a powerful tool that will prove invaluable when you begin development. You opened the SBC Web Interface in the previous step, so let`s jump right in and set a password!

Setting a password

The first time you open the SBC Web Interface, you will be greeted with this screen:

You will use this password in the following situations:

• Future SBC Web Interface access (linked to useradmin)
• SBC terminal access (linked to userroot)

Take a look around

You`ve set your password and your screen now looks like this:

Welcome to the SBC homepage! Here you can view system information such as the firmware version, the amount of storage you have left, and more. Take a minute to look around, and when you're ready, we will give an overview of each tab on the SBC Web Interface, starting with networking.

Set up Networking

You can connect to your network in two ways with the SBC:

• via an Ethernet cable
• via a Wi-Fi USB adapter (we recommend this one)

The SBC can switch between these connections on the fly and will try to connect to Ethernet first. If you're following this guide, you've already set up your network using an Ethernet cable by simply plugging it in. Next, we will take a look at setting up Wi-Fi.

Wireless

To set up Wi-Fi on the SBC, first plug in your Wi-Fi USB adapter. Next, navigate to Network->Wireless and your screen will look something like this:

Add your Wi-Fi network by selecting it from the list, providing any necessary credentials, and clicking the Add This Network button.

Here are some useful Wi-Fi tips:

• You don't have to see a network in order to connect to it. You can add the SSID and password of a network, and the next time the SBC boots it will connect to that network if it is available.
• The SSID settings are only for DHCP networks.

Next, we will cover setting a static IP with the SBC Web Interface.

Static IP

If you do not have DHCP on your main network, and do not want to use link local addressing, you can set the network connection to be static. These settings can be found in the web interface under Network → Settings for the Ethernet interface, and at the bottom of Network → Wireless for wireless networking. In the Ethernet settings, for example, you can specify network elements manually in the same way you would for a desktop computer:

This setting is also useful to work entirely without mDNS and link local addressing. After setting it, the SBC will start using that static IP immediately, so if this is done improperly this can make the SBC very hard to re-connect to depending on the routing within the rest of your network. If you are not sure whether this will be a problem, it may help to read the in-depth network troubleshooting section for the SBC.

View Attached Phidgets

You can view Phidgets that are directly attached to the SBC by going to Phidgets → Status in the web interface:

This will always show the attached Interface Kit that is part of the SBC board. It will also show any Phidgets plugged into the SBC's USB ports.

On the right hand side of this screen (not shown in the screenshot) you will see the serial numbers of the attached Phidgets. If you want to use these Phidgets within your code over a network using the network server, you can use these serial numbers in your programming project.

Note that any analog or digital sensors will not show up here, as they are a 'part' of the Interface Kit and can be accessed through the ports in the Interface Kit API. Taking a look at the User Guide for the PhidgetInterfaceKit 8/8/8 will show you a good example of how this works.

Use the Webcam

Using the webcam (either the Phidget USB Webcam or another UVC-compatible webcam) should be fairly straightforward. Plug it in, then head to the web interface under Webcam → Webcam:

This will allow you to stream video into the web interface. This stream can also be viewed with any compatible M-JPG viewer, such as VLC. To take pictures with the webcam within your code, see the how-to on the main SBC operating system page.

Webcams that support pan/tilt can be controlled via the web interface. Multiple frame rates and resolutions are supported.

If the video stream is to be exported over the internet, it is recommended that the password be enabled. However, it must be noted that this is a simple HTTP authentication, which is sent unencrypted, and is thus not highly secure.

If prompted for the webcam password, the username is ‘webcam’.

If multiple webcams are attached, they will all start up using the same settings, except that each additional webcam will run on the next higher port number. Multiple webcams will generally only work when the resolution and framerate are set to low levels.

At this point, we have covered most of the common uses of the web interface. But the web interface offers many more configuration options. This reference section covers all of the available options. If you want to continue on to tasks such as writing and running code on the SBC, visit the OS - Phidget SBC page.

Can I use multiple webcams?

Probably... In theory you can connect multiple webcams to the SBC, however, the bandwidth of a USB1.1 hub will limit the amount of data you can stream meaning you might have to use reduces resolution/framerate to do it successfully.

Web Interface Reference

This section provides a complete reference to all tabs and sub-tabs within the SBC web interface. Note that the web interface itself also includes help as text on the right side of most tab screens.

Top Bar

On loading the interface, you will see a tool bar along the top of the page. It holds some information across all the configuration pages. The information is as follows:

Host Name

The host name given to the PhidgetSBC on the network.

Uptime

Total time elapsed since the last reboot.

Load

The average CPU utilization in the last minute, 5 minute, and 10 minute durations.

Version

The current board and web interface version.

Tab: Status

The main tab Status has options for System, Network, Processes, USB, and Phidgets.

System

This is the first page you should see after loading the configuration Interface. It contains general information about the SBC.

System Information

Board Name

Name of the device. It should always read “PhidgetSBC2”.

Board Revision

Board revision number. This tracks the hardware design.

Webif Version

The version of the web interface currently being used. This will change with updates to the web interface/configuration system.

Kernel Version

The type and version of the loaded Linux kernel.

Distribution

The running Linux distribution name/version. This should read "Debian GNU/Linux 6.0"

Phidget Library

The version of the installed Phidget21 library.

These libraries are included with the firmware, and may need to be updated to use newly released Phidgets.

Current Date/Time

Current date and time, within the SBC

MAC Address

The Ethernet MAC address.

A PhidgetSBC is uniquely identified by its MAC address shown here.

This address is also printed on the label of the underside of the PhidgetSBC.

Other Phidgets, including the integrated InterfaceKit, use a serial number to identify themselves.

Filesystem

All mounted filesystems are listed, along with their size and usage.

Memory

Memory usage is shown. Wired/active memory is shown in red and cached/inactive memory is shown in blue.

Network

See: Tab: Network

Processes

This lists all running processes, along with their Process ID (PID), User, State, CPU usage and memory usage. Advanced users can use this to tell if any application is using too much memory, or has crashed.

USB

This lists all USB devices. The “S3C24XX OHCI” Host Controller, the “General Purpose USB Hub” and the built in Interface Kit 8/8/8 should always be listed, along with any connected devices. Also listed are any mounted USB drives.

All connected devices

A list of all the USB devices present in the system. This includes the main USB, the built in 6 port hub, and all Phidget and non-Phidget devices.

Mounted USB devices

This area lists of all the USB based drives connected to the PhidgetSBC, and their mount points.

USB drives are automatically mounted at /media/usb(0-9) when attached.

Unmount (Button)

Use this button before removing the device to safely disconnect it.

Phidgets

See: Tab: Phidgets

Tab: Network

The main tab Network has the sub-tabs Status, Settings, and Wireless.

Status

General network status can be viewed on this page. Modifying these values are done on other pages.

Network

Adapter

Abbreviated name and number of the network interface.

Type

Wired or wireless connection.

Mode

Network protocol used.

IP Address

The IP address of the network interface.

Subnet Mask

The subnet mask of the network interface.

Gateway

The IP address of your gateway.

MAC Address

The MAC address of the interface.

Wireless State

Connection status information for the Wireless link.

This could be 'CONNECTED', 'INACTIVE', 'FAILED', etc.

Wireless SSID

The plaintext name of the wireless connection access point.

Wireless Security

Security protocol used for a wireless link.

DNS Server(s)

List of nameservers being used.

Settings

This is where TCP/IP settings for the wired ethernet and configured. This is also where SSH is enabled.

TCP/IP settings

DHCP will set the system IP Address, Subnet Mask, and Gateway automatically.

In the absence of a DHCP server, Static should be used and filled in manually.

Note that the same TCP/IP settings will be used at all access points.

DNS settings

DNS can be set up automatically if DHCP is enabled.

Under manual settings, up to two DNS servers can be specified.

Note that DNS settings are system-wide and will apply to all interfaces.

SSH Server

This is where the SSH server can be enabled or disabled.

Enabling SSH for the first time can take several minutes as the keys are generated.

Wireless

Wireless networking is supported via a USB wifi adapter. When an adapter is plugged in, this wireless configuration page will be available.

Wireless networks are joined based on a list of saved networks. You can join, manually enable and disable, as well as delete these saved networks. To add a wireless network to this list, either choose from the list of detected networks, or enter the details manually. Supported security includes WEP, WPA(2) Personal and WPA(2) Enterprise.

Saved networks will be joined first based on security and secondly based on best signal strength.

Add a Wireless Network

SSID

The SSID of the access point that you wish to add. This is the plaintext name of the access point.

Security

The security system used by this access point.

Remember this network

If enabled, this network will be added to the list of saved networks permanently, and will be available to be automatically joined in the future.

Otherwise, this network will remain in the list of saved networks until the board is reset, or another network is added.

Manage saved networks

Join This Network

Joining a specific network will temporarily disable all other saved networks, so that the specific network will be joined, if available.

The other networks will remain disabled until the board is reset, or another network is added.

Delete This Network

Delete a saved network. There is no confirmation and this cannot be undone.

Enable / Disable

Selected networks that are enabled will be joined automatically.

Disabled networks will never be joined.

Wireless Network Settings

TCP/IP settings

DHCP will set the system IP Address, Subnet Mask, and Gateway automatically.

In the absence of a DHCP server, Static should be used and filled in manually.

Note that the same TCP/IP settings will be used at all access points.

DNS settings

Switch the DNS settings between Automatic and Manual.

DNS can be set up automatically if DHCP is enabled. Otherwise, up to two DNS servers can be specified.

Note that DNS settings are system-wide and will apply to all interfaces.

Tab: Phidgets

Status

Library Version

The version of the installed Phidget21 library. These libraries are included and are updated along with the firmware.

List of attached Phidgets

A list of all detected Phidgets connected to the PhidgetSBC.

This includes the integrated PhidgetInterfaceKit and displays both the serial number and version.

Network Server

The Phidget network server is a simple server that allows Phidgets connected to the PhidgetSBC board to be opened over the network. This is enabled by default and starts with the SBC.

This page lets you view and modify the Phidget network server settings, as well as stop and start the server. Please see the Advanced User’s Guide for more information on programming with the dictionary.

Enabled/Disabled

Enables or disables the Phidget Network Server.

Server ID

Server ID is used when opening a connection to the PhidgetSBC using the mDNS based openRemote calls.

This is by default the same as the PhidgetSBC hostname (phidgetsbc), but can be set to anything (up to 63 characters).

Port

Port is the port that the Network server runs on - default is 5001.

Password

The password is used for securing the network server.

By default, this option is disabled with a blank password.

Note that while the authentication protocol and password is encrypted during authentication, all following data is sent in the clear.

Start/Stop (Button)

Use this button to start/stop the network server.

Tab: Projects

This is where user projects are set up. Custom applications can be written in either C (compiled to an ARM architecture) or Java, and then set up to run on the PhidgetSBC at system startup. We offer an in-depth tutorial on creating applications in this manner using Java.

Projects

This sub-tab lists installed applications as well as the controls for creating a new application space.

This is also where you can download the SBC-specific version of the Phidget Java libraries: phidget21.jar

List of Projects

This is a list of all created applications and their current status. Enabled applications will try to run on system boot, and the stopped/running status indicates if the program is currently executing.

Delete applications using the red ‘X’ near their name. You can click on the application name to launch the Specific Project page.

Create new app (Button)

This button creates a new application space using the input field for its name. Application names should not contain spaces.

Free space remaining on userspace partition

The amount of free space remaining on the user partition in bytes.

Specific Project

On a specific application space page, there are controls to start and stop the program, as well as view the stdout and stderr from the most recent (or current) run.

Start/Stop (Button)

This button is for starting or stopping the execution of the program specified under application settings.

Starting a program will generate stdout and stderr logs.

View stdout

You can view the standard console output of your program through this link.

View stderr

In the event of an error that halts program execution, its corresponding error message is printed here.

Filesystem Browser

This allows viewing, editing and removal of application files, as well as the ability to upload new files. File upload size is limited to 5MiB per file.

Startup Settings

This section configures the application to start at boot. When this enabled, it will start at the end of the system boot process (after things like bringing up the network, starting the Phidget Network Server, etc.). The startup order field specifies a start order among the custom applications, with lower numbers being started first.

Executable name is the name of the file to execute. If this filename ends in ‘.class’ or ‘.jar’, the program will be run as a Java program, otherwise it is run as an ARM Binary. We have an detailed walkthrough of this section.

Tab: Webcam

Webcam Settings

Enabled/Disabled

Enable or disable the webcam streaming video.

Video streaming can consume a lot of bandwidth depending on the settings used.

Resolution

The resolution of the capture in pixels.

Only resolutions supported by the webcam are listed.

Framerate

The transmission frame rate of the capture.

Available frame rates will depend on the selected resolution.

Port

The port that the video stream is sent to.

Password

Protect the webcam stream with a password.

This will add a simple username and password prompt whenever you view the webcam stream - including on this page.

The username is 'webcam'.

Set to nothing to disable passwords.

Tab: System

General

This is where general system setting are set up.

System Settings

Host name

The system hostname.

This is used for the system’s mDNS (i.e. local link address) hostname, as well as the Phidget Network Server default Server ID.

All PhidgetSBCs have a default hostname of phidgetsbc. When used as a link local address, the extension .local is added

Time Settings

Timezone

Set up your time zone according to the nearest city of your region from the predefined list.

Zoneinfo String

Standard zoneinfo names are defined for different areas of the world. You can supply any zone from the official list as an alternative to selecting a predefined zone from the list.

Logs

This is where the kernel and system logs can be viewed. This also includes the ability to filter the text. We also have a special section on checking the system logs.

Text Filter

Text to Filter

Insert a string that covers what you would like to see or exclude.

You can use the regular expression constants like: 00:[[:digit:]]{2}:[[:digit:]]{2} or .debug|.err

Filter Mode

You will see only messages containing the text in the Include mode while you will not see them in the Exclude mode.

Remove Filter

Clears the filter being used

Filter Messages

Change the filter being used. Including a blank Text to Filter effectively removes the filter.

Password Change

This is where the system password can be changed. The system password is the (which is the admin password for the web interface) is also the root user password on the SBC when using SSH.

Changes here made will take effect immediately after being saved, without asking for confirmation. The new password must consist of alphanumeric characters and be at least 1 character long.

Password Change

New Password

The first field for a new password.

Confirm Password

The second field for a new password. This must match the first field.

Set Password

This button will commit the changes to your password.

File Editor

This grants access to the full filesystem. Files can be uploaded, edited and deleted, and directories can be created. Some important system directories and files are protected from deletion, but it is still easy to break the system by editing/deleting files.

File upload is limited to a filesize of 5MiB.

File/Directory permission, owner/group and creation time information is available by hovering over the file/directory icon.

Backup & Restore

This is where the system can be backed up to disk and restored. This also allows access to the recovery/upgrade system.

Note that this only backs up configuration files directly related to the web interface - such as network configuration, hostname, time settings, and user project setting (but not including project files). For other methods of backup, including installed software, we have a detailed walkthrough.

When restoring from a backup file, the system will check that it is a valid backup before asking the user to continue.

Backup Configuration

Name this configuration

You can give the backup file an arbitrary name. The name is only shown during restore.

Backup

This button creates the backup.

A download link to the backup will be provided and you will be prompted to save the file to an off-SBC location. The download link is not valid indefinitely, use it then.

Restore Configuration

Saved backup file

Choose a backup file for this machine type.

The restore system will check the file and ask for confirmation before running the restore.

Restore

This button applies the backup.

The backup file will then be verified.

Clicking restore again will commit the changes and take effect immediately.

Reset Configuration

Reset

This will reset all of the web interface configuration files to their default states. This will not reset the system as a whole.

Upgrade / Factory Reset

Go (Button)

This will boot the SBC into the Recovery/Upgrade system.

Refer to our section on the recovery system for more information.

Packages

This is where package updates are performed. From time to time, updates will be made available. These will address any bugs and security issues, add new features, and update the phidget21 library and network server. There are also some other package management options available.

Note that this page can take quite a long time to load when 'Include full Debian Package Repository' is enabled.

Upgradable Packages

This lists all available package updates, if any.

Upgrade All Packages

This installs all available package updates.

Selective updating can only be done via SSH.

Refresh Available Packages

This runs apt-get update to refresh the package list and check for new updates.

Installable Packages

This lists some package sets that be installed to add common features to the SBC.

Before trying to install these package sets, enable "Include full Debian Package Repository", and "Refresh available packages" - otherwise the needed packages won’t be available and the install will fail.

Java Support (Button)

This installs 'libphidget21-java' and 'default-jre-headless' to support Java based projects.

C/C++ Development Tools/Headers

This installs 'build-essential' which allows for on-board development in C/C++.

We also have a detailed walkthrough of installing and using C, Java, and Python on the SBC.

Settings

Include full Debian Package Repository

This enables the full Debian repository in the apt sources list.

By default, only the Phidgets repository is included.

When enabled, all system packages will show up in the updates list, rather then just Phidgets packages, allowing for full system updates.

This also allows the user to install any packages they like, from the SSH interface.

Reboot

The board can be rebooted remotely from this page. The reboot should take 45-60 seconds depending on network conditions. It tries to shut down all running programs before restarting as opposed to the reset button.

About

The license information and credits for the configuration interface is displayed here. A link is provided to the original sources and the Phidgets web site.

Technical Details

Rebooting/Resetting the PhidgetSBC

To reboot the device, quickly press the black reset button found between the USB connectors and the power terminals. Both Ethernet Port LEDs (yellow-connectivity, green-activity), and the green status LED will turn off. The reboot is done when all LEDs come back on in about 25 seconds.

To reset the firmware, press and hold the button for 10 seconds until the green status LED begins to blink, then release. Both Ethernet Port LEDs will turn off (yellow-connectivity, green-activity) for 80 seconds; the green status LED will then turn off; then all LEDs will come back on in 20 seconds. All data will be lost and the operating system will be reset to a factory state.

To boot into the Recovery / Upgrade system, hold the button for 20 seconds until the green status LED switches from blinking slowly to blinking quickly, then release. The recovery system allows for factory reset, full system upgrades and recovery of the main system.

Recovery / Upgrade System

The recovery / upgrade system is a small system from which the main system can be reset/upgraded, or recovered.

Entering the Recovery System

The recovery system can be entered in two ways.

1. From the ‘System: Backup & Restore’ web interface page.
2. By holding down the reset button for 20+ seconds - until the green light has switched from flashing slowly to flashing quickly.

Upgrades

Generally, you should not need to do a full system upgrade. Upgrades are meant to be performed via the package system, and Phidgets maintains it’s own package repository from which to push out updates.

Occasionally, you may wish to go back to a clean install and upgrade to the latest rootfs/kernel from Phidgets. Phidgets will not be creating these images with every release of phidget21 as we did with PhidgetSBC1, rather they will be released several times a year, as needed for major changes not easy to push out via packages.

You can also flash your own custom kernel or root filesystem image.

Factory Reset

This restores the kernel and root filesystem from backup, overwriting any changes that may have been made. This is equivalent to holding down the reset button for 10 seconds.

Recovery

If the main filesystem has been damaged/misconfigured in such a way that it won’t boot, you may be able to fix the issue / recovery important files before running a reset. The recovery system runs an SSH server that you can loginto for console access. Username/password is: root/root.

You can mount the main root filesystem with the following commands (assuming it’s not damaged):

1. ubiattach /dev/ubi_ctrl -m 6
2. mount -t ubifs /dev/ubi0_0 /mnt

Ports and Connectors

Numbered in the circles on the diagram: 10/100baseT Ethernet Six USB High-Speed Ports Indicator LEDs Reboot / Reset Button Power input terminal Power input jack Eight Interface Kit Digital Inputs (Indexed 0 to 7) Eight Interface Kit Digital Outputs (Indexed 0 to 7) Eight Interface Kit Analog Inputs (Indexed 0 to 7) A. JTAG connector, for internal testing purposes only

1. This Ethernet port is used for network connectivity to the PhidgetSBC. This enables access to the PhidgetSBC as well as any connected Phidgets through the network server. Alternatively, the USB Wireless adapter can be used for network connectivity.

2. These USB ports can be used for connecting Phidgets, Wi-Fi adapters, flash drives, webcams, USB hubs, etc.

3. These LEDs indicate the status of the PhidgetSBC. The Red LED indicates that the power supply is on and running properly. The green LED indicates boot status. The green LED will turn on and off once during boot and then turn back on when everything is running.

4. This will reboot the board if pressed once. Note that this is a forced reboot. Any user programs that were running may leave their data in a inconsistent state, but this is safe for the base system. A soft reboot can be performed remotely from the configuration interface.If held for more then 10 seconds, the red LED will start to blink and enter emergency Reset mode. Once the button is released, the onboard memory will revert to a factory-fresh state. This includes overwriting the kernel and root file system, and erasing all configuration, user data, and applications. If held for more then 20 seconds, the Recovery/Upgrade system will be booted, from which a Factory Reset/Full filesystem upgrade can be performed.

5,6. The PhidgetSBC can be powered from either the terminals or the barrel connector.

7,8,9. The Interface Kit I/O is explained in the Interface Kit section of the manual.

Power Distribution

The 12V power supply is stepped down to 5V and distributed in the following way:

• Each USB port has 500 mA available
• All analog inputs share a total of 500 mA
• The digital outputs, +5V terminals, USB controller, and pull-ups all share a total of 500 mA

Power Over Ethernet

Power over Ethernet can be used to provide both a network connection and power to a device when a power outlet is not available. This means that with the proper adapters, you can run the PhidgetSBC entirely off an Ethernet source. The PhidgetSBC does not draw power directly from a powered Ethernet line, but instead can use a setup where the power is split to a separate line again near the PhidgetSBC. The board has been tested and will work with Power Sourcing Equipment that can output 6-12VDC.

Hardware Layout

The PhidgetSBC is based around the i.MX28 processor. This is an ARM926EJ-S based microprocessor from Freescale, which runs at 454MHz. Connected to this is 128 MiB of DDR2 SDRAM, 1 GiB of very large page NAND and a 10/100baseT Ethernet controller. The microprocessors USB Host port is connected to a 7-port USB 2.0 High Speed Hub chip. The integrated PhidgetInterfaceKit 8/8/8 is connected to one of the hub ports, with the other 6 ports being brought out to the user.

Software Layout

The PhidgetSBC runs Debian/GNU Linux 7.0 as its operating system and gets booted with U-Boot. The kernel is 3.6.3 and generally kept up to date with the latest releases. The root filesystem is created using debootstrap and is mounted in a ~924MiB nand partition using the UBIFS filesystem, in Read-Write mode.

Configuration data is located at ‘/etc/webif’. This is where all configuration that can be set through the website is located.

User applications are stored in ‘/usr/userapps’, each is their own directory.

The kernel is stored on bare Nand in it own 4MiB partition, in the uImage format.

Date and Time

The date and time are set using ntp (network time protocol) at boot. The ntp daemon continues to run in the background and will periodically update the clock, keeping it very close to real time.

There is a real-time clock with battery backup which will preserve date/time across reboots, power removal. The real-time clock is synced to system time during reboot/shutdown. If power is unplugged suddenly, the real-time clock may not have the correct time.

Wireless Networking System

Wireless networking is supported using the available adapter and is configured through the configuration interface.

Configuration System

The configuration system used by the website is stored in ‘/etc/webif’. These files should generally not be changed manually, but there is no reason why they could not be. It’s very easy to enter invalid data that could cause the system to behave unexpectedly or not boot.

Nand Layout

The board contains 1GiB of Nand. This nand is split into 8 partitions as follows:

0: bootloader	size: 4MiB	Read Only
1: environment	size: 512KiB	Read Only
2: device_tree	size: 512KiB	Read Only
3: recovery_system	size: 4MiB	Read Only
4: recovery_kernel	size: 4MiB	Read Only
5: recovery_fs	size: 83MiB	Read Only
6: kernel	size: 4MiB	Writable
7: rootfs	size: 924MiB	Writable

U-Boot and recovery kernel and filesystem cannot be written from Linux - this is a safety measure.

Boot Process

This describes the boot process from power on.

1. CPU loads the bootstream from Nand
2. Bootstream initializes memory, power and GPIO, then runs u-boot from Nand
3. u-boot turns the green LED on and then checks to see if the reset button is being held down
4. if the reset button is held, u-boot either restores the kernel/filesystem, or boot into the recovery system, depending on the hold time
5. u-boot then loads the device tree and Linux kernel into Ram and then runs the kernel
6. Linux reads in the device tree from ram, and turns off the green LED
7. Linux then boots, bringing up usb, ethernet, etc.
8. init gets run as the parents of all processes, and uses the /etc/inittab script to bring up the system. This includes mounting other filesystems, settings the hostname, running the scripts in /etc/init.d, and running user applications
9. inittab then turns the green LED on. The system has finished booting

Drivers for USB to Serial adapters

The SBC kernel contains driver support for the following USB to Serial Adapters. Please consult the kernel documentation for details into the driver support for the USB to Serial adapters.

Company	Product
ConnectTech	WhiteHEAT
Keyspan	USA-18X, USA-28, USA-28X, USA-28XA, USA-28XB, USA-19, USA-19W, USA-19QW, USA-19QI, USA-49W, USA-49WLC
FTDI	Single Port Serial Adapter
Cypress	M8 CY4601 Family
Digi International	AccelePort USB Serial
Belkin	USB Serial Adapter F5U103
MCT	USB Single Port Serial Adapter U232
Inside Out Networks	Edgeport Serial Adapter
Prolific	PL2303

Drivers for USB Wifi Adapters

The SBC kernel contains driver support for the following USB Wireless Adapters. Please consult the kernel documentation for more details.

Company	Module	Chipsets
Atheros	ath9k_htc	AR9271, AR7010
Atheros	carl9170	AR9170
Intersil	r8712u	ISL3877, ISL3880, ISL3886, ISL3887, ISL3890
Realtek	r8712u	RTL8188SU, RTL8191SU, RTL8192SU
Ralink	rt2500usb	RT2500USB/RT2571
Ralink	rt2800usb	RT2070, RT2770, RT2870, RT3070, RT3071, RT3072, RT3370, RT3572, RT5370, RT5372
Ralink	rt73usb	RT2501USB/RT2571W
Realtek	rtl8187	RTL8187L, RTL8187B
Realtek	rtl8192cu	RTL8188CUS, RTL8192CU
ZyDAS / Atheros	zd1211rw	ZD1211/ZD1211B, AR5007UG

U-Boot

U-Boot is used for setting up the processor and booting Linux, and is only accessible by the serial port. Normal users will not need to use it. If you are connected to the serial port, you will see the U-Boot prompt shortly after power up. You can view the environment variables for information on how to properly boot Linux on the PhidgetSBC.

Be very careful when modifying the u-boot partition. If it is damaged or overwritten, it is difficult to fix.

Refer to U-Boot documentation here: www.denix.de/wiki/DULG/Manual for more information on using U-Boot.

Ad-hoc Networks

The SBC can be configured as a device in an ad-hoc network.

For more information, visit the Ad-Hoc Networks page.

Further Reading

Check the Phidget SBC page for more details about using the Phidget SBC.

Check the 1018 User Guide for more information about the InterfaceKit on this board.

What to do Next

• Programming Languages - Find your preferred programming language here and learn how to write your own code with Phidgets!
• Phidget Programming Basics - Once you have set up Phidgets to work with your programming environment, we recommend you read our page on to learn the fundamentals of programming with Phidgets.